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Is Visa (V) halal?
Visa (V) is currently classified COMPLIANT under the AAOIFI Standard 21 halal screen: the strictest of the mainstream halal certification frameworks, with a debt ratio of 3.7% against the 30% AAOIFI threshold. The full breakdown of which AAOIFI criteria the stock passes or fails is below. Educational screen, not a fatwa, always verify with your local scholar.
AAOIFI Standard 21 criteria. The screen tests four conditions, each independently disqualifying: (1) business activity must not be in prohibited sectors (alcohol, gambling, conventional banking, conventional insurance, pork, adult entertainment, weapons of mass destruction), (2) interest-bearing debt as a share of market cap (or total assets) must be below 30%, (3) interest-bearing income as a share of total revenue must be below 5%, and (4) illicit-business revenue as a share of total revenue must be below 5%.
Visa's screen result. Visa operates in the Financial Services sector (Credit Services industry), with a debt ratio of 3.7%. Refer to the full screen output for the per-criterion pass/fail signal.
Why AAOIFI vs lighter screens. Dow Jones Islamic and S&P Shariah indices allow up to 33% debt-to-market-cap, which lets in many companies that classical Islamic jurisprudence would exclude. AAOIFI Standard 21's stricter 30% debt-to-assets threshold reflects classical scholarship, stocks that pass it are accepted by Saudi, Emirati, and Malaysian Sharia boards. invest-like uses AAOIFI specifically because the looser screens admit borderline cases that defeat the purpose of a halal screen for most observant investors.
Important caveats. This is an automated educational screen against documented AAOIFI criteria, not a religious fatwa. AAOIFI thresholds can change; some scholars apply additional qualitative tests (debt purification, dividend purification) beyond the four quantitative criteria above. Always verify with your local scholar before treating any stock as halal-compliant for your specific purposes.
How invest-like measures this
invest-like applies the AAOIFI Standard 21 screen: the strictest of the mainstream halal screens. It tests three quantitative criteria (debt ratio, interest-bearing income, illicit-business revenue) plus a qualitative business-activity test. A stock is classified HALAL only if it passes all four.
AAOIFI thresholds are stricter than the Dow Jones Islamic and S&P Shariah indices on purpose: they reflect classical Islamic jurisprudence, not lighter Western Sharia indices that allow up to 33% debt-to-equity. Stocks that pass the AAOIFI screen are accepted by most Saudi, UAE, and Malaysian Sharia boards. Always verify with your local scholar; this is an educational screen, not a fatwa.
Il s'agit d'une analyse éducative fondée sur des méthodes d'investissement. Ce n'est ni un conseil ni une recommandation, et elle ne connaît pas ta situation. Fais tes propres recherches avant de décider.
