ING
ING Groep N.V. (ING) é halal?
ING Groep N.V. (ING) is currently classified NON_COMPLIANT under the AAOIFI Standard 21 halal screen - the strictest of the mainstream halal certification frameworks, with a debt ratio of 224.3% against the 30% AAOIFI threshold. The full breakdown of which AAOIFI criteria the stock passes or fails is below. Educational screen, not a fatwa - always verify with your local scholar.
AAOIFI Standard 21 criteria. The screen tests four conditions, each independently disqualifying: (1) business activity must not be in prohibited sectors (alcohol, gambling, conventional banking, conventional insurance, pork, adult entertainment, weapons of mass destruction), (2) interest-bearing debt as a share of market cap (or total assets) must be below 30%, (3) interest-bearing income as a share of total revenue must be below 5%, and (4) illicit-business revenue as a share of total revenue must be below 5%.
ING Groep N.V.'s screen result. ING Groep N.V. operates in the Financial Services sector (Banks - Diversified industry), with a debt ratio of 224.3%. The specific reasons driving the classification: sector_banking.
Why AAOIFI vs lighter screens. Dow Jones Islamic and S&P Shariah indices allow up to 33% debt-to-market-cap, which lets in many companies that classical Islamic jurisprudence would exclude. AAOIFI Standard 21's stricter 30% debt-to-assets threshold reflects classical scholarship - stocks that pass it are accepted by Saudi, Emirati, and Malaysian Sharia boards. invest-like uses AAOIFI specifically because the looser screens admit borderline cases that defeat the purpose of a halal screen for most observant investors.
Important caveats. This is an automated educational screen against documented AAOIFI criteria, not a religious fatwa. AAOIFI thresholds can change; some scholars apply additional qualitative tests (debt purification, dividend purification) beyond the four quantitative criteria above. Always verify with your local scholar before treating any stock as halal-compliant for your specific purposes.
How invest-like measures this
O invest-like.com aplica o filtro AAOIFI Standard 21 - o mais rigoroso dos filtros halal mainstream. Testa três critérios quantitativos (rácio de dívida, rendimentos com juros, rendimentos de atividades ilícitas) mais um teste qualitativo de atividade comercial. Uma ação é classificada como HALAL apenas se passar nos quatro.
Os limiares AAOIFI são deliberadamente mais rigorosos que os índices Dow Jones Islamic e S&P Shariah - refletem a jurisprudência islâmica clássica, não os índices Sharia ocidentais mais leves que permitem até 33% de rácio de dívida. As ações que passam no filtro AAOIFI são aceites pela maioria dos conselhos Sharia sauditas, emirados e malaios. Verifica sempre com o teu estudioso local; isto é um filtro educativo, não é uma fátua.
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